Globally, fertilizers are responsible for more than 2.6 gigatons of carbon emissions annually, more than global shipping and aviation combined. There are numerous ways to solve the problem. We could switch to crops that don’t need it. Cotton requires large amounts of chemical fertilizers. Innovative cellulose-based textiles made from unfertilized wood and other plants could replace cotton in many garments. Some food crops could deliver big yields without fertilizer, i.e. a variety of indigenous Mexican corn fixes its own nitrogen from the air and could be bred into commercial strains. And charging farmers a fee for nitrogen leaching could reduce fertilizer pollution by20%. We need all of this and more.
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