Climate change will expand worldwide drylands at an accelerated rate with their average productivity likely to be reduced. These regionsĀ (primarily savannas, grasslands and shrublands), are important for grazing and non-irrigated croplands. Making up 41% of Earth’s land surface, they support 38% of its population. Warming temperatures with more frequent and severe droughts threaten their biodiversity and their ability to take in and hold carbon.